Malcolm X’s Alleged Killer Has Been Walking Around Free For Years… Will Biography Finally Help Bring Justice???
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The recently published Malcolm X biography by Manning Marable may be key to having his real killer brought to justice.
Although three men were convicted of fatally shooting Malcolm X at the Audubon Ballroom in Upper Manhattan in 1965, for some time it has been believed that the investigation into his death was bungled, opening the door for two innocent men to be imprisoned and a guilty party to go free. While previous efforts to have the case reopened have failed, the publicity surrounding the recently published biography by Manning Marable could help bring about a new investigation — especially because in recent years prosecutors in the South have shown that it’s possible to pursue and win cases that are decades old and many of those cases have helped shine a light on the failures of civil rights era police.
Part of what makes it more urgent to reopen this case is the recent revelation that the man who was never arrested for the assassination, but many suspected was responsible is now living in Newark under a different name.
X was shot to death on stage at the Audubon Ballroom on Feb. 21, 1965. Shortly after he began to speak a scuffle broke out in the audience, then a smoke bomb went off and gunmen opened fire.
The prime suspect at the time was Thomas Hagan (pictured above being taken from Audubon Ballroom), a 22-year-old New Jersey member of the Nation of Islam who was arrested at the Audubon. Police investigated the crime scene for only four hours before the ballroom was mopped up for a dance that had already been planned. Police seemed to believe it was a simple enough case, since Malcolm X had recently broken with the Nation of Islam, who branded him a traitor and an enemy. Just a week before his assassination his home had also been firebombed.
Police also picked up two other Nation of Islam members, Muhammed Abdul Aziz (then known as Norman 3X Butler) and Kahlil Islam (then known as Thomas 15X Johnson) both of whom had attended a mosque in Harlem.
In his book, Dr. Marable says that the Nation of Islam would not have used men from Malcolm X’s own mosque to carry out the killing and that the assassins were from New Jersey.
Mr. Hagan confessed, but always maintained that the other two men were not involved. At the trial, he testified there were other conspirators, but refused to name them. All three men were convicted, but the question of how high the conspiracy went in the Nation of Islam hierarchy — who, in fact, ordered the killing — was never answered.
David Garrow, a historian and a King biographer, obtained and reviewed the Federal Bureau of Investigation files on Malcolm X in the 1990s. He said it was probable that reams of wiretaps of the Nation of Islam had never been combed for clues. In 1980, the bureau said it had never investigated the assassination.
In the late 1970s, Mr. Hagan, also known as Talmadge X Hayer, finally identified his accomplices in an affidavit as part of an unsuccessful effort to free Mr. Butler and Mr. Johnson (all three men have since been paroled).
One of the names he gave was Willie X, whom William Kunstler, the civil rights lawyer who represented Mr. Johnson and Mr. Butler, determined was William Bradley. The others are dead or presumed dead. Dr. Marable wrote that Mr. Bradley, using a sawed-off shotgun, fired the fatal shot.
Mr. Bradley, an ex-convict now in his early 70s, is living in Newark under the name Al-Mustafa Shabazz. (Police records list both names for him.) He is married to Carolyn Kelley Shabazz, described by The Star-Ledger of Newark as a community leader and the owner of a boxing gym who gives away turkeys at Thanksgiving.
Mr. Shabazz served time for conspiracy, drug dealing and making “terroristic threats,” according to records at the New Jersey Corrections Department, and was released in 1998. Through his lawyer, J. Edward Waller, Mr. Shabazz has denied any involvement in the assassination.
Here’s a photo of Mr. Shabazz
This is a picture of Al-Mustafa Shabazz aka William Bradley. Do you think he could be Malcolm X’s killer? Why haven’t the police reopened the investigation? This has to be something they can at least look into!
This is a damn shame. This man has been dead for almost 50 years and all that potential evidence has just been ignored.
“Time is running out; these guys are very old,” said Abdur-Rahman Muhammad, a graduate student at Howard University who first published the identity of the Newark man on his blog and was a source for the biography’s author, Manning Marable. “I wanted justice to be done, and I knew that Dr. Marable wanted justice to be done.”
Dr. Marable, a historian at Columbia University, died days before the publication of the book, “Malcolm X: A Life of Reinvention.”
The effort to reopen the case has attracted the attention of the nation’s most persistent advocate of civil rights-era justice, Alvin Sykes of Kansas City, Mo. Mr. Sykes was instrumental in the reopening of the investigation into the killing of Emmett Till in Mississippi in 1955 and in persuading Congress to allocate millions of dollars to the investigation of civil rights cold cases. Mr. Sykes has asked both the Justice Department and, this week, the New York State attorney general “to conduct the most comprehensive and credible search by the government for the truth concerning Malcolm X’s assassination.”
Ilyasah Shabazz, one of Malcolm X’s six daughters, is supporting the call to reopen the case despite her objections to the biography, which paints a bleak picture of her parents’ marriage. Leith Mullings, the author’s widow, is also asking for a new investigation.
And now there is all this confusion over which law enforcement agency should be responsible for a new investigation if the case is reopened. Most civil rights advocates seem in favor of someone other than the NYPD handling the case, since they bungled it the first time, but federal agencies are skittish about the prospect because it’s not a clear cut hate crime scenario.
But there are limitations on other agencies’ ability to investigate. For one, it is not clear if the killing could be considered a civil rights crime because both the perpetrators and the victims are black.
Mr. Garrow said the definition of a civil rights crime should not be too narrow. “When a major civil rights leader is assassinated, I’d like the civil rights division to be interested, regardless of the color of the gunman,” he said, referring to the federal unit.
Some experts say the Justice Department’s participation is crucial because the F.B.I. and the New York Police Department had Malcolm X under surveillance at the time of his death, raising questions about whether law enforcement officials had knowledge beforehand of the assassination plot.
Still, the Justice Department may not have any jurisdiction, and the department has only occasionally investigated without it — in 1998, for example, then-Attorney General Janet Reno ordered a limited review of the King assassination after pressure from the family and the public.
The New York attorney general may investigate only if asked by the Manhattan district attorney or the governor. But cases that are decades old are not easy to solve, said Doug Jones, a former United States attorney in Birmingham, Ala., who helped prosecute the 16th Street Baptist Church bombing in which four girls died. “A lot of people think witnesses come forward after so many years have passed,” he said, “but they don’t.”
JUSTICE FOR MALCOLM!!! We need to expose the shortcomings of all these shady law enforcement agencies and find out the truth.
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Assassination Civil Rights F*ck a Thug For Your Information Justice System Malcolm X One-Time R.I.P shooting-
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